Julia is a 53-year-old Vice President of Market Strategy at a large tech company in the Bay Area, who over the course of a decades long careet had accumulated a significant equity position of incentive stock options (ISOs), restricted stock units (RSUs), and non-qualified stock options (NSOs). The total value ran into the millions, which represented roughly half of her net worth.
She wanted to be financially independent within ten years so she could retire and maintain her current lifestyle and spending. She had been managing the positions herself, but the complexity of the tax treatment across each of the three stock types made it difficult to know where to start. Her biggest concern was specific: she didn’t want to pay 49.3% of her gains in federal taxes when she sold.
She came to Monroe Wealth Management after having tried to navigate it on her own, and we gave her a plan she could actually execute.
Julia's robust portfolio was enough to help her achieve financial independence immediately, but each holding type carried significant tax implications: ISOs that were held long enough qualify for favorable capital gains rates but carry AMT risk, NSOs that are taxed as ordinary income at exercise regardless of how long they were held, and RSUs that are taxed as income upon vesting. Selling everything at once would have created a tax bill that would have expanded her timeline for retirement by a few years.
We also modeled her target lifestyle in retirement: what it would cost annually, what assets were required to sustain it indefinitely, and what her current trajectory looked like if she continued managing her portfolio as she had been doing. The gap between where she was and where she needed to be was smaller than she’d assumed, so we built a plan to help her reach her goal immediately.
Julia's diversification plan was centered around one principle: sell the positions that incur the lowest tax bill first.
That meant identifying which of her ISOs, RSUs, and NSOs had the highest cost basis relative to their current value, which had already cleared the holding period required for long-term capital gains treatment and carried the lowest marginal tax rate given her income in each calendar year. We then layered in tax-loss harvesting strategy from her broader investment portfolio to offset realized gains throughout the year.
We presented several versions of the strategy, each with a different liquidation timeline to show Julia the trade-off between the time to become financially independent and tax cost each milestone would incur. She chose the path that reached her financial independence target immediately.
With this new plan, Julia’s probability of achieving financial independence (Monte Carlo score) increased from 80% to 100%. Rather than a ten-year timeline, she now had the option to stop working immediately.
Her federal tax liability during the transition was materially lower than a less structured approach would have produced. This is a direct result of our strategy marrying long-term capital gains positioning on the highest-value positions with an active tax-loss harvesting strategy against realized gains. She paid significantly less in taxes than she expected and she kept more of her earnings than she had planned for.
Three years later, Monroe Wealth Management continues to manage her portfolio and adapt her plan as tax laws and market conditions evolve.
Don’t navigate complex equity decisions alone. Let’s build a plan to protect your gains and reach your goals.